Materials and Method: All patients aged 65 years and older who underwent surgery at the Orthopedics Department of our hospital between May 1, 2023, and May 1, 2024, were included. Demographic data such as age, sex, comorbidities, and surgical indications were documented preoperatively. Frailty status was assessed using the FRAIL Index and categorized into three groups. Preanesthetic baseline measurements of heart rate and mean arterial pressure were obtained before the initiation of anesthesia and subsequently monitored every 10 minutes intraoperatively. Data regarding perioperative blood transfusion, intravenous fluid administration, vasopressor requirement, and anesthesia technique were collected. Troponin T levels were measured at 0, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours postoperatively. Outcomes assessed included intensive care unit and hospital length of stay, incidence of postoperative complications, and allcause mortality within 30 days following surgery.
Results: A total of 206 patients were included in the final analysis. Among them, 56.7% were classified as frail, 33.5% as pre-frail, and 9.7% as non-frail. The overall incidence of myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery was 44.4%, occurring in 63.2% of frail patients, 23.2% of pre-frail patients, and 5.3% of nonfrail patients. Thirty-day adverse outcomes and mortality were significantly higher in frail patients, who also demonstrated longer intensive care and hospital stays.
Conclusion: In elderly individuals undergoing orthopedic procedures, greater degrees of frailty are strongly associated with an increased risk of postoperative myocardial injury following non-cardiac surgery.
Keywords : Troponin; Frailty, Aged; Orthopedic Procedures