Turkish Journal of Geriatrics 2023 , Vol 26, Issue 4
ARE C-REACTIVE PROTEIN AND PROCALCITONIN EFFECTIVE BIOMARKERS FOR URINARY TRACT INFECTION IN ELDERLY PATIENTS? WHAT SHOULD BE ADMINISTERED FOR EMPIRICIAL TREATMENT?
Nur EFE IRIS1, Mehmet Guven GUNVER2
1Demiroglu Bilim University Medical Faculty, Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Ä°stanbul, Turkey
2Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Biostatistics, Istanbul, Turkey
DOI : 10.29400/tjgeri.2023.365 Introduction: In the absence of typical overt symptoms, diagnosis of urinary tract infection is more difficult in elderly individuals. This study investigated the benefits of C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, and leukocyte levels in supporting the diagnosis of urinary tract infection in the elderly and causative factors.

Materials and Method: A retrospective examination of information from a hospital data system of patients > 65 years of age, who were diagnosed with urinary tract infection in a 4-year period, was performed. Bacterial identification and antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed.

Results: In the case group, procalcitonin and C-reactive protein levels were higher than those in the control group, and a moderately positive correlation with urinary tract infection was found (p<0.001, r=0.454). Although procalcitonin was a better predictor than C-reactive protein , the risk criteria for C-reactive protein were also very close to those of procalcitonin. The cut-off values for C-reactive protein and procalcitonin were 6.93 mg/L and 0.075 ng/ml, respectively, and C-reactive protein levels were normal in 20% of cases. The most frequently isolated microorganisms were Escherichia coli (56%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (16%). The extended-spectrum beta-lactamase rate was 35% for E. coli and 43% for K. pneumoniae isolates. Fosfomycin and ertapenem were the most effective antibiotics.

Conclusion: Procalcitonin levels were high; however, the fact that C-reactive protein was found to be normal in one-fifth of cases should serve as a warning that urinary system infection can be missed in elderly patients in cases in which only C-reactive protein level is evaluated. Keywords : Aged; Drug Resistance; Urinary Tract Infections; C-Reactive Protein; Procalcitonin; Leukocytes